The kidney is an organ (paired) urine of the human excretory system. Basically, one of the kidneys (right) is slightly lower and has a length and weight less than the left kidney.

How is a human kidney

The kidney of a person (adult) weighs from 100 to 200 grams and has the shape of a bean with a rounded upper and lower poles. On the concave in the center of the part is a recess called the renal portal. This gate leads to the sinus (renal) where the nerves and blood vessels are located. The ureter, which is located in the downward direction, connects the kidney and the bladder.

The kidney consists of a cortical (external) and cerebral (internal) layers. The main element of what it consists of is the nephron. The nephron consists of a system of canals and a renal body. In each kidney, there are almost a million nephrons that are associated with blood vessels.

The kidney has the following structure

The capsule that creates the form, then comes the cortical substance, and after it is a little deeper than the medulla. On top of the capsule is fatty tissue that fixes the kidney. In the center is the ureter, which enters the pelvis, in which there is a large cup, small cup and sinus. The entire cavity and body of the kidney penetrate the veins and arteries.

What is the work of human kidneys?

The kidney is a very complex organ. Through them, all our blood passes (pumped) per day, while they cleanse it of toxins, decay products, toxins and microbes.All dirt that is filtered from the blood then enters the bladder, from where it leaves the body with urine. After the waste enters the ureter, they will not be able to return back thanks to a valve that opens only in one direction. At the same time, the kidney tissue plays the role of a filter, and the pelvis is the part responsible for collecting the accumulation and excretion of urine.

The kidneys are an interchangeable organ, in case of a disease or other malfunction of one kidney, the second is able to completely cope independently with the task and takes on all the functions. At the upper poles of both kidneys are the endocrine glands (adrenal glands). The adrenal glands secrete a special hormonal substance that, when it enters the bloodstream, regulates the work of many metabolic processes and systems.

The kidneys are an important organ for maintaining a normal human life, therefore, it must be treated with great care and very carefully.