Even with a small cut, the blood sometimes goes so that it becomes really scary. And the question arises: how much all the blood is in the human body, and how much blood can be lost without receiving significant harm to health.
Of course, that blood loss is a dangerous phenomenon, and therefore the answers to these questions must be known. Blood plays a crucial function in the human body, and the loss of a large volume of it can really lead to a loss of consciousness at first.
Blood volume in the human body
The blood volume in the human body varies, and this is quite natural - there is no clear single indicator for all people. After all, in the end, and growth indicators - the weights of all people are different. Blood volume changes with age, while many other changes occur in the body. On average, the blood volume is 4-5 liters. Wherein there is less blood in the female body, and its volume is about 3.5 - 4.5 liters.
But again, in pregnant women, the blood volume increases rapidly, and it becomes significantly larger. In addition, lifestyle also affects the blood, its volume and quality. Those who regularly show physical activity, lead an active lifestyle, choose a sport, more blood. Those who have large muscle mass have more blood, and those who lead a sedentary lifestyle and do not have developed muscles, it turns out to be less.
Blood volume dynamics
In a newborn, blood makes up about 15 percent of the weight. And in an adult, the same percentage is about 6-8 percent. So the approximate blood volume of any person can be calculated by a simple formula. If the weight is 70 kg, and if we assume that the blood occupies 6 percent, then there will be 4.2 liters.
If you take 8 percent for the calculation, it will be 5.6 liters. That is, the real indicator will be between these two figures. But this is pretty rough data, but meanwhile, as much as possible specified as much as possible. For example, doctors need accurate data. And they have their own counting system, which provides the most accurate data.
60 ml of blood for women and 70 ml of blood for men are per kilogram of human mass. And to get accurate information, just multiply the body weight by this number. But if we are talking about a pregnant woman, then everything is different. In the first stages of pregnancy, the blood volume still does not change much, but when the second trimester ends and the third begins, the indicator begins to grow significantly. And starting from this moment, the calculations are already different - 75 ml of blood is considered per 1 kg of weight.
The composition of the blood and the volume of its various components in the body
Blood is not homogeneous, in its composition there are both separate uniform elements, and liquid plasma. The latter forms 52-58 percent of the blood, and all the rest falls on the shaped elements, including various blood cells. Plasma, in turn, is 90 percent water, and 10 percent of its composition falls on the dry residue.The percentage of uniform elements to plasma, called hematocrit by doctors, is slightly higher in men than in women. And these indicators are relatively even in nature, without changing significantly in the norm.
Blood plasma composition
The dry remainder of the plasma consists of many useful and necessary substances for the body. These are proteins and non-protein nitrogenous elements, enzymes and proenzymes, as well as without nitrogenous organics, and much more. Any changes in the composition of the blood affect the work of organs and systems, the well-being of a person, and this applies even to minor changes.
Why does blood thicken?
Blood thickening, that is, a decrease in the percentage of plasma in relation to other components, usually occurs against the background of severe dehydration of a person, and this is a deadly phenomenon. At the same time, the cardiovascular system begins to experience severe overloads, there is a violation of the kidneys, blood clots may begin, and other processes that can lead to an immediate death of a person.
Blood loss and consequences
The human body is prudent, and not all blood is constantly circulating in the human body, performing its functions. There are so-called blood depots (reserves) in the body, where it is stored in case of special need. Blood is stored in the spleen, liver, a number of other organs, and with heavy blood loss, as well as in stressful situations, it can be released into the general bloodstream. However, even this supply may not be enough when it comes to severe bleeding and large blood loss. This applies primarily to arterial and severe venous bleeding. Everyone should be able to recognize them, so that, if necessary, be able to help themselves and loved ones.
With arterial bleeding, which are especially dangerous and can lead to death. In this case, the application of a tourniquet and immediate hospitalization of a person is necessary. The tourniquet can be applied only for 2 hours, in frost - not more than an hour, otherwise there is a risk of necrosis, loss of limb. In case of venous bleeding, when dark blood flows in an uninterrupted flow, a pressure dressing is necessary, and also a doctor should be consulted.
Chronic blood loss
In addition to similar bleeding, which usually occurs due to injuries, there is another category - chronic blood loss. They occur with oncological neoplasms, ulcers, hemorrhoidal and other phenomena. Symptoms develop gradually, because the body initially seeks to compensate for the loss. This phenomenon leads to anemia, constant fatigue and loss of strength, dizziness, pallor, and problems with the immune system. It is necessary to establish the cause of these disorders and undergo treatment, after which the blood condition will improve.
Blood is the most important fluid in the body, and it contains from 3 to 5 or more liters. But the loss of more than 30 percent of blood is fraught with serious consequences. It is worth protecting your health and not risking it.
